46 research outputs found
Towards a quantum evolutionary scheme: violating Bell's inequalities in language
We show the presence of genuine quantum structures in human language. The
neo-Darwinian evolutionary scheme is founded on a probability structure that
satisfies the Kolmogorovian axioms, and as a consequence cannot incorporate
quantum-like evolutionary change. In earlier research we revealed quantum
structures in processes taking place in conceptual space. We argue that the
presence of quantum structures in language and the earlier detected quantum
structures in conceptual change make the neo-Darwinian evolutionary scheme
strictly too limited for Evolutionary Epistemology. We sketch how we believe
that evolution in a more general way should be implemented in epistemology and
conceptual change, but also in biology, and how this view would lead to another
relation between both biology and epistemology.Comment: 20 pages, no figures, this version of the paper is equal to the
foregoing. The paper has meanwhile been published in another book series than
the one tentatively mentioned in the comments given with the foregoing
versio
A Quantum Cognition Analysis of the Ellsberg Paradox
The 'expected utility hypothesis' is one of the foundations of classical
approaches to economics and decision theory and Savage's 'Sure-Thing Principle'
is a fundamental element of it. It has been put forward that real-life
situations exist, illustrated by the 'Allais' and 'Ellsberg paradoxes', in
which the Sure-Thing Principle is violated, and where also the expected utility
hypothesis does not hold. We have recently presented strong arguments for the
presence of a double layer structure, a 'classical logical' and a 'quantum
conceptual', in human thought and that the quantum conceptual mode is
responsible of the above violation. We consider in this paper the Ellsberg
paradox, perform an experiment with real test subjects on the situation
considered by Ellsberg, and use the collected data to elaborate a model for the
conceptual landscape surrounding the decision situation of the paradox. We show
that it is the conceptual landscape which gives rise to a violation of the
Sure-Thing Principle and leads to the paradoxical situation discovered by
Ellsberg.Comment: 11 page
The Pet-Fish problem on the World-Wide Web
We identify the presence of Pet-Fish problem situations and the corresponding
Guppy effect of concept theory on the World-Wide Web. For this purpose, we
introduce absolute weights for words expressing concepts and relative weights
between words expressing concepts, and the notion of 'meaning bound' between
two words expressing concepts, making explicit use of the conceptual structure
of the World-Wide Web. The Pet-Fish problem occurs whenever there are exemplars
- in the case of Pet and Fish these can be Guppy or Goldfish - for which the
meaning bound with respect to the conjunction is stronger than the meaning
bounds with respect to the individual concepts.Comment: 8 page